Thursday, July 2, 2009
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Tuesday, June 30, 2009
No internet connection - troubleshooting guide
Eircom Netopia modems 2247 (silver one) are very easy to troubleshoot.
1.First check DSL sync light on the front of the modem, should be constant ON green. This is your modem synchronization with the port at local exchange. If that that light is on, means no hardware faults with DSL frequency on the line. It is possible you might have problem with calls, like noise on the line or no dial tone and DSL light will be on, and another way around.
2.If it's on check 'internet' light (if it's not see below 'no sync' section on the forum) should be solid or flashing green. Internet light is PPPoE authentication light, when is connected it will be green, so if both light are on, and your internet doesn't work, I would rather check PC or/and LAN connections.
If 'internet' light is red or off follow the procedure in 'PPPoE problems' section in the forum.
Eircom Netopia modems are preconfigured for broadband, so you can reset it without any problems, only thing you have to worry is if you had changed default settings on it for your LAN requirements.
Those modem are low range price modems, so you might need to reset it, it is standard procedure when you will call help desk. So do it yourself and you will safe yourself some time on the phone.
1.First check DSL sync light on the front of the modem, should be constant ON green. This is your modem synchronization with the port at local exchange. If that that light is on, means no hardware faults with DSL frequency on the line. It is possible you might have problem with calls, like noise on the line or no dial tone and DSL light will be on, and another way around.
2.If it's on check 'internet' light (if it's not see below 'no sync' section on the forum) should be solid or flashing green. Internet light is PPPoE authentication light, when is connected it will be green, so if both light are on, and your internet doesn't work, I would rather check PC or/and LAN connections.
If 'internet' light is red or off follow the procedure in 'PPPoE problems' section in the forum.
Eircom Netopia modems are preconfigured for broadband, so you can reset it without any problems, only thing you have to worry is if you had changed default settings on it for your LAN requirements.
Those modem are low range price modems, so you might need to reset it, it is standard procedure when you will call help desk. So do it yourself and you will safe yourself some time on the phone.
Slow connection
Slow or Dropped Connections
In some cases you may find that your broadband connection is not working or running slowly.
*Note: Not all of the following steps may be necessary. Try connecting after each step to see if the issue is resolved.
Have you tested your download speed?
* Try eircom net's Speed Test.
*Note: Maximum download speeds cannot be guaranteed, as eircom broadband is Rate Adaptive, i.e. a distance dependant* technology. (*The distance between the modem and the exchange it is connected to.) However, if there is a large difference between the speed of your broadband package and the speed test result, here are a few suggestions.
*Note: Upload speeds are not the equal to download speeds. For example, on a broadband connection of 1MBps, the maximum download speed could be approximately 1MB (1024kbps), but the upload speed will be 128kbps. This is the very nature of ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line - asymmetric meaning unequal).
If you can only connect to the internet while you are on the phone, or your connection drops when you pick up your phone, you may have:
* Incorrectly connected a single-port filter to the purple phone cable (the single port filter can not be used to connect the modem). Unplug the single-port filter from the purple phone cable.
* or Connected the purple phone cable to the wrong side of the splitter. Try switching the phone and modem cables in the splitter.
* or Been supplied a faulty splitter, in which case you can request a replacement from our Technical Support Department.
* Try resetting the modem.
* Try resetting TCP/IP.
* Try checking your computer's TCP/IP settings.
* Try manually entering TCP/IP settings.
* Check the suggestions in the No Sync troubleshooter.
Are you connecting wirelessly?
* Check out the Wireless troubleshooter.
Have you scanned your computer for Spyware?
Spyware can interfere with Internet connections, making them slow and/or unreliable. Click here for more information on Spyware and how to remove it.
Are you using streaming, file-sharing or Peer-to-Peer (P2P) software?
These programs download content in the background, even when minimised. Exit the software completely to ensure it does not affect the speed of browsing.
Are you using a firewall
...such as Norton Internet Security, McAfee Personal Firewall, ZoneAlarm or other such security package?
* These packages are designed to block a certain amount of access to and from the internet. In some cases, however, they can completely block access inadvertantly. Try disabling the firewall, making sure to re-enable it afterwards.
In some cases, you may need to completely uninstall the firewall, reboot the computer and try again. If you are not sure how to do this, you will need to consult the documentation or contact the appropriate vendor. eircom net does not support firewall issues. If the firewall is found to be the problem, it is recommended that you try a different one. Every broadband-connected computer should be protected by a firewall.
Refer to the documentation for your security software or visit http://www.netfaqs.com/windows/Browsers/Firewalls/ * to determine how to configure it correctly. If this is a firewall configuration problem, our Technical Support department will not be able to assist you.
*Note: eircom net cannot be held responsible for the content or advice given by external websites, nor the result of misconfiguration arising from such advice.
In some cases you may find that your broadband connection is not working or running slowly.
*Note: Not all of the following steps may be necessary. Try connecting after each step to see if the issue is resolved.
Have you tested your download speed?
* Try eircom net's Speed Test.
*Note: Maximum download speeds cannot be guaranteed, as eircom broadband is Rate Adaptive, i.e. a distance dependant* technology. (*The distance between the modem and the exchange it is connected to.) However, if there is a large difference between the speed of your broadband package and the speed test result, here are a few suggestions.
*Note: Upload speeds are not the equal to download speeds. For example, on a broadband connection of 1MBps, the maximum download speed could be approximately 1MB (1024kbps), but the upload speed will be 128kbps. This is the very nature of ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line - asymmetric meaning unequal).
If you can only connect to the internet while you are on the phone, or your connection drops when you pick up your phone, you may have:
* Incorrectly connected a single-port filter to the purple phone cable (the single port filter can not be used to connect the modem). Unplug the single-port filter from the purple phone cable.
* or Connected the purple phone cable to the wrong side of the splitter. Try switching the phone and modem cables in the splitter.
* or Been supplied a faulty splitter, in which case you can request a replacement from our Technical Support Department.
* Try resetting the modem.
* Try resetting TCP/IP.
* Try checking your computer's TCP/IP settings.
* Try manually entering TCP/IP settings.
* Check the suggestions in the No Sync troubleshooter.
Are you connecting wirelessly?
* Check out the Wireless troubleshooter.
Have you scanned your computer for Spyware?
Spyware can interfere with Internet connections, making them slow and/or unreliable. Click here for more information on Spyware and how to remove it.
Are you using streaming, file-sharing or Peer-to-Peer (P2P) software?
These programs download content in the background, even when minimised. Exit the software completely to ensure it does not affect the speed of browsing.
Are you using a firewall
...such as Norton Internet Security, McAfee Personal Firewall, ZoneAlarm or other such security package?
* These packages are designed to block a certain amount of access to and from the internet. In some cases, however, they can completely block access inadvertantly. Try disabling the firewall, making sure to re-enable it afterwards.
In some cases, you may need to completely uninstall the firewall, reboot the computer and try again. If you are not sure how to do this, you will need to consult the documentation or contact the appropriate vendor. eircom net does not support firewall issues. If the firewall is found to be the problem, it is recommended that you try a different one. Every broadband-connected computer should be protected by a firewall.
Refer to the documentation for your security software or visit http://www.netfaqs.com/windows/Browsers/Firewalls/ * to determine how to configure it correctly. If this is a firewall configuration problem, our Technical Support department will not be able to assist you.
*Note: eircom net cannot be held responsible for the content or advice given by external websites, nor the result of misconfiguration arising from such advice.
What is broadband
Understanding DSL
To understand DSL, you first need to take into account what you have learned about a normal telephone line, the kind that telephone professionals call POTS. This stands for Plain Old Telephone Service. One of the ways that POTS makes the most of the telephone company's wires and equipment is by limiting the frequencies that the switches, telephones and other equipment will carry.
Human voices, speaking in normal conversational tones, can be carried in a frequency range of 0 to 3,400 hertz, or cycles per second. This range of frequencies is tiny. For example, compare this to the range of most stereo speakers, which cover from roughly 20 hertz to 20,000 hertz. The telephone wires themselves have the potential to handle frequencies up to several million hertz in most cases. The use of such a small portion of the wire's total bandwidth is historical; remember that the telephone system has been in place, using a pair of copper wires to each home, for about a century.
By limiting the frequencies carried over the lines, the telephone system can pack lots of wires into a very small space without worrying about interference from one line causing problems on another. Modern equipment that sends digital, rather than analogue, data can safely use much more of the telephone line's capacity. DSL does just that.
DSL utilises the frequencies above 4000hz, this untapped resource is used to carry data. The phone line is split at 4000hz, everything below is dedicated to POTS and everything above is dedicated to DSL.This means DSL and POTS can operate simultaneously on the same copper wires. Consider a conversation in a room; if while I was talking, another person were blowing a dog whistle in the background, it would not interfere because the whistle operates at a frequency way above the range we can hear. Therefore if a person could talk at the same frequency of the dog whistle then it would be possible to have two people talking in the same room without interfering with each other.
Most home and small business users are connected to an Asymmetrical DSL (ADSL) line. ADSL divides up the available frequencies in a line on the assumption that most Internet users look at, or download, much more information than they send, or upload. Under this assumption, if the connection speed from the Internet to the user is 3-4 times faster than the connection from the user back to the Internet, then the user will see the most benefit, most of the time.
The limit for ADSL service is 18,000 feet (5,460 meters), though for speed and quality of service reasons many ADSL providers place a lower limit on the distances for the service. At the extremes of the distance limits, ADSL customers may see speeds far below the promised maximums, while customers nearer the exchange have the potential for seeing very high speeds in the future.
ADSL technology can provide maximum downstream (Internet to customer) speeds of up to 8 megabits per second (Mbps) at a distance of about 6,000 feet (1,820 meters), and upstream speeds of up to 640 kilobits per second (kbps). In practice, the best speeds widely offered today are 1.5 Mbps downstream, with upstream speeds varying between 64-640 kbps.
As can be seen from the diagram, the upstream and downstream channels use different frequencies; this is called Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM). This allows both directions of transmission to co-exist with each other, without interfering with each other.
You might wonder, if distance is a limitation for DSL, why it's not also a limitation for voice telephone calls. The answer lies in small amplifiers called repeaters that the telephone company uses to boost voice signals. Unfortunately, these loading coils are incompatible with ADSL signals, so a voice coil in the loop between your telephone and the exchange will disqualify you from receiving ADSL.
DSL technology uses existing phone lines, commonly known as the twisted copper pair, this means no civil works are required, this is DSL strongest selling point. DSL technology fits in to the local loop, which is also referred to as the last mile and the access network. Local loop, the last mile and the access network all refer to the wires connecting the customer premises to the local exchange, DSL fits in to the last mile.
ADSL comes from a family of technologies referred to as XDSL, all are closely related and basically slight variations on the same theme. The different members of the family are suited to different needs, for instance ADSL would not be ideal for hosting a server because this would require quite a lot of information to be uploaded.
DSL Family
ADSL: Asymmetric DSL ADSL is capable of delivering 8mbps downstream and 1mbps upstream. It’s called Asymmetric because the upload and download speeds are in different proportions.
CDSL: Consumer DSL CDSL (Consumer DSL) is a trademarked version of DSL that is somewhat slower than ADSL (1 Mbps downstream, probably less upstream) but has the advantage that a "splitter" does not need to be installed at the user's end.
G.Lite or DSL Lite G.Lite (also known as DSL Lite, splitterless ADSL, and Universal ADSL) is essentially a slower ADSL that doesn't require splitting of the line at the user end but manages to split it for the user remotely at the telephone company.
HDSL: High Bit Rate DSL The earliest variation of DSL to be widely used has been HDSL, which is used for wideband digital transmission within a corporate site and between the telephone company and a customer. The main characteristic of HDSL is that it is symmetrical: an equal amount of bandwidth is available in both directions. For this reason, the maximum data rate is lower than for ADSL.
IDSL: ISDN DSL IDSL is somewhat of a misnomer since it's really closer to ISDN data rates and service at 128 Kbps than to the much higher rates of ADSL.
RADSL: Rate Adaptive DSL RADSL is an ADSL technology from Westell in which software is able to determine the rate at which signals can be transmitted on a given customer phone line and adjust the delivery rate accordingly.
SDSL: Singe Line DSL SDSL is apparently the same thing as HDSL with a single line, carrying 1.544 Mbps (U.S. and Canada) or 2.048 Mbps (Europe) each direction on a duplex line.
VDSL: Very High Rate DSL VDSL is a developing technology that promises much higher data rates over relatively short distances (between 51 and 55 Mbps over lines up to 1,000 feet or 300 meters in length). It's envisioned that VDSL may emerge somewhat after ADSL is widely deployed and co-exist with it. The transmission technology (CAP, DMT, or other) and its effectiveness in some environments are not yet determined. A number of standards organizations are working on it.
Accessing the Internet using ADSL
By following the map below, you can trace a customer’s connection from their pc using a DSL modem to the Internet via their local exchange and ISP.
The MDF (Main Distribution Frame)
The MDF allows us to identify where customers phone lines terminate within the exchange so we can provide the service they subscribe to such as PSTN, ISDN etc.
The ASAM 7300 Server (ADSL Subscriber Access Multiplexer)
The ASAM is the piece of equipment with the exchange that makes it ADSL enabled.
The ASAM does three things: · It splits up the POTS and DSL services, the POTS service is directed to the PSTN network.· It multiplexes DSL lines before feeding the traffic in to the ATM access node.· It acts as a PPPoE server, stripping or adding PPPoE layers.
ATM Access Node
ATM is a fibre network with connection points around the country, the ATM network is used from carry aggregated ADSL traffic from remote exchanges back to Crown Alley so it can be routed on to the Internet through eircom net’s network.
The Broadband Access Server (BAS)
The purpose of the BAS is to unwrap the various protocols inside which your data travels over the ADSL connection. It also makes your connection to the ISP appear exactly as if you had connected using a dial-up modem or ISDN.
The result of this is that there are at least five different ways in which the data can be carried between the PC and the BAS. The method used by the PC and the modem must be the same as that used by the BAS for the connection to work.
See full manual in the attachment. http://www.seekin.co.cc/showthread.php?t=38
To understand DSL, you first need to take into account what you have learned about a normal telephone line, the kind that telephone professionals call POTS. This stands for Plain Old Telephone Service. One of the ways that POTS makes the most of the telephone company's wires and equipment is by limiting the frequencies that the switches, telephones and other equipment will carry.
Human voices, speaking in normal conversational tones, can be carried in a frequency range of 0 to 3,400 hertz, or cycles per second. This range of frequencies is tiny. For example, compare this to the range of most stereo speakers, which cover from roughly 20 hertz to 20,000 hertz. The telephone wires themselves have the potential to handle frequencies up to several million hertz in most cases. The use of such a small portion of the wire's total bandwidth is historical; remember that the telephone system has been in place, using a pair of copper wires to each home, for about a century.
By limiting the frequencies carried over the lines, the telephone system can pack lots of wires into a very small space without worrying about interference from one line causing problems on another. Modern equipment that sends digital, rather than analogue, data can safely use much more of the telephone line's capacity. DSL does just that.
DSL utilises the frequencies above 4000hz, this untapped resource is used to carry data. The phone line is split at 4000hz, everything below is dedicated to POTS and everything above is dedicated to DSL.This means DSL and POTS can operate simultaneously on the same copper wires. Consider a conversation in a room; if while I was talking, another person were blowing a dog whistle in the background, it would not interfere because the whistle operates at a frequency way above the range we can hear. Therefore if a person could talk at the same frequency of the dog whistle then it would be possible to have two people talking in the same room without interfering with each other.
Most home and small business users are connected to an Asymmetrical DSL (ADSL) line. ADSL divides up the available frequencies in a line on the assumption that most Internet users look at, or download, much more information than they send, or upload. Under this assumption, if the connection speed from the Internet to the user is 3-4 times faster than the connection from the user back to the Internet, then the user will see the most benefit, most of the time.
The limit for ADSL service is 18,000 feet (5,460 meters), though for speed and quality of service reasons many ADSL providers place a lower limit on the distances for the service. At the extremes of the distance limits, ADSL customers may see speeds far below the promised maximums, while customers nearer the exchange have the potential for seeing very high speeds in the future.
ADSL technology can provide maximum downstream (Internet to customer) speeds of up to 8 megabits per second (Mbps) at a distance of about 6,000 feet (1,820 meters), and upstream speeds of up to 640 kilobits per second (kbps). In practice, the best speeds widely offered today are 1.5 Mbps downstream, with upstream speeds varying between 64-640 kbps.
As can be seen from the diagram, the upstream and downstream channels use different frequencies; this is called Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM). This allows both directions of transmission to co-exist with each other, without interfering with each other.
You might wonder, if distance is a limitation for DSL, why it's not also a limitation for voice telephone calls. The answer lies in small amplifiers called repeaters that the telephone company uses to boost voice signals. Unfortunately, these loading coils are incompatible with ADSL signals, so a voice coil in the loop between your telephone and the exchange will disqualify you from receiving ADSL.
DSL technology uses existing phone lines, commonly known as the twisted copper pair, this means no civil works are required, this is DSL strongest selling point. DSL technology fits in to the local loop, which is also referred to as the last mile and the access network. Local loop, the last mile and the access network all refer to the wires connecting the customer premises to the local exchange, DSL fits in to the last mile.
ADSL comes from a family of technologies referred to as XDSL, all are closely related and basically slight variations on the same theme. The different members of the family are suited to different needs, for instance ADSL would not be ideal for hosting a server because this would require quite a lot of information to be uploaded.
DSL Family
ADSL: Asymmetric DSL ADSL is capable of delivering 8mbps downstream and 1mbps upstream. It’s called Asymmetric because the upload and download speeds are in different proportions.
CDSL: Consumer DSL CDSL (Consumer DSL) is a trademarked version of DSL that is somewhat slower than ADSL (1 Mbps downstream, probably less upstream) but has the advantage that a "splitter" does not need to be installed at the user's end.
G.Lite or DSL Lite G.Lite (also known as DSL Lite, splitterless ADSL, and Universal ADSL) is essentially a slower ADSL that doesn't require splitting of the line at the user end but manages to split it for the user remotely at the telephone company.
HDSL: High Bit Rate DSL The earliest variation of DSL to be widely used has been HDSL, which is used for wideband digital transmission within a corporate site and between the telephone company and a customer. The main characteristic of HDSL is that it is symmetrical: an equal amount of bandwidth is available in both directions. For this reason, the maximum data rate is lower than for ADSL.
IDSL: ISDN DSL IDSL is somewhat of a misnomer since it's really closer to ISDN data rates and service at 128 Kbps than to the much higher rates of ADSL.
RADSL: Rate Adaptive DSL RADSL is an ADSL technology from Westell in which software is able to determine the rate at which signals can be transmitted on a given customer phone line and adjust the delivery rate accordingly.
SDSL: Singe Line DSL SDSL is apparently the same thing as HDSL with a single line, carrying 1.544 Mbps (U.S. and Canada) or 2.048 Mbps (Europe) each direction on a duplex line.
VDSL: Very High Rate DSL VDSL is a developing technology that promises much higher data rates over relatively short distances (between 51 and 55 Mbps over lines up to 1,000 feet or 300 meters in length). It's envisioned that VDSL may emerge somewhat after ADSL is widely deployed and co-exist with it. The transmission technology (CAP, DMT, or other) and its effectiveness in some environments are not yet determined. A number of standards organizations are working on it.
Accessing the Internet using ADSL
By following the map below, you can trace a customer’s connection from their pc using a DSL modem to the Internet via their local exchange and ISP.
The MDF (Main Distribution Frame)
The MDF allows us to identify where customers phone lines terminate within the exchange so we can provide the service they subscribe to such as PSTN, ISDN etc.
The ASAM 7300 Server (ADSL Subscriber Access Multiplexer)
The ASAM is the piece of equipment with the exchange that makes it ADSL enabled.
The ASAM does three things: · It splits up the POTS and DSL services, the POTS service is directed to the PSTN network.· It multiplexes DSL lines before feeding the traffic in to the ATM access node.· It acts as a PPPoE server, stripping or adding PPPoE layers.
ATM Access Node
ATM is a fibre network with connection points around the country, the ATM network is used from carry aggregated ADSL traffic from remote exchanges back to Crown Alley so it can be routed on to the Internet through eircom net’s network.
The Broadband Access Server (BAS)
The purpose of the BAS is to unwrap the various protocols inside which your data travels over the ADSL connection. It also makes your connection to the ISP appear exactly as if you had connected using a dial-up modem or ISDN.
The result of this is that there are at least five different ways in which the data can be carried between the PC and the BAS. The method used by the PC and the modem must be the same as that used by the BAS for the connection to work.
See full manual in the attachment. http://www.seekin.co.cc/showthread.php?t=38
Internet Acceess
eircom provide a number of products which can connect a customer to the Internet.
The attachement below shows most of the options available to a customer. The options on the left would usually be considered for the larger corporate customer and all these services are symmetric (same speed in both directions). The options on the right would usually be considered for the smaller market or for residential customers and are all Asymmetric (different speed upstream and downstream)
If company wants dedicated symmetric access and has no exisiting network start with Ethernet Internet Service EIS
These products are Symmetric
Business IP. High quality, fully featured product usually used by customer requiring traffic separation and other clever stuff and will usually be used by exisiting BIP customers only.
Ethernet. The choice of large customers who require Internet Access but who do not currently have a Data Network. Provided on Copper at 10M and below and provided on fibre at 10M and above.
Private Circuit. Only used by customers who insist on private access to the internet. The Ethernet product above will usually be cheaper in most cases and will provide almost equal access.
Dial-up. Uses a telephone line to access the internet. One of only 2 "mobile" solutions listed here (WiFi is the other), as it can be plugged into any phone line. now considered slow but still useful to those who just need to check emails. Incurs call charges
Broadband The connection of choice for residential and SMEs. Uses an existing phone line for access but does not "tie up" the phone when in use. Considered an "always on" solution and is usually flat fee.
Wi-Fi. While this is sometimes considered as another access mechanism, it is, in fact, only a replacement for the local cable (the connection between the laptop and the modem). It still requires a connection to the internet and this is usually broadband but could be any of the connections shown in this forum.
Connection without phone line or dedicated wires:
Public WiFi HotSpot
Broadband Via Satelite
Fixed Wirelless Access FWA
Wimax
all @ http://www.seekin.co.cc/showthread.php?t=78
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